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Chemical Properties

What is stainless steel and how is it made?

Stainless steel sees a wide range of uses across both industrial and consumer markets due to its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and attractive appearance.

Stainless steel is an iron and chromium alloy.

The exact components and ratios will vary based on the grade requested and the intended use of the steel.

Other common additives include:

Nickel

Carbon

Manganese

Molybdenum

Nitrogen

Sulfur

Copper

Silicon

The exact composition of an alloy is strictly measured and assessed throughout the alloying process to ensure the steel exhibits the required qualities.

The common reasons to add other metals and gasses to a stainless steel alloy include:

Increased corrosion resistance

High temperature resistance

Low temperature resistance

Improved strength

Improved weldability

Improved formability

Controlling magnetism

What’s in your stainless steel isn’t the only factor in determining its unique characteristics however, how it’s made will further alter the steel’s properties.

Hot Rolling

Performed at temperatures higher than the recrystallization temperature of the steel, this step helps to set the rough physical dimensions of the steel. Precise temperature control throughout the process keeps the steel soft enough to work without altering the structure.

The process uses repeated passes to adjust the dimensions of the steel slowly. In most cases, this will involve rolling through multiple mills over time to achieve the desired thickness.

Cold Rolling

Often used when precision is required, cold rolling occurs below the recrystallization temperature of the steel. Multiple supported rollers are used to shape the steel. This process creates a more attractive, uniform finish.

However, it can also deform the steel’s structure and often requires heat treatment to recrystallize the steel to its original microstructure.

Finishing

Stainless steel is available in a variety of finishes from matte to mirror. Finishing is one of the last steps involved in the manufacturing process. Common techniques include acid or sand etching, sand blasting, belt grinding, belt buffing and belt polishing.

Whether you’re looking for something strong and corrosion-resistant for marine environments or something stunning and easy to clean for restaurant use, there’s a stainless steel alloy available to suit your needs.

If you’re curious how stainless steel might work for your project, consult with ZLYS.

As a leading source of stainless steel throughout China for more than 15 years, we have the knowledge and resources to help you find the ideal product for your requirements.

Quote for your stainless steel sheet/plate today!